the early version of the fundamental stamp became the rev d, even as later upgrades result in the simple stamp i (bsi) and to the primary stamp ii (bsii). here we will attention mainly at the bsi and the bsii. both the bsi and bsii have a specially tailored fundamental interpreter firmware constructed into the microelectronics eprom. for each stamps, a p.c micro controller is used. the actual application that is to be run is saved in an on board eeprom. whilst the battery is attached, stamps run the fundamental program in memory. stamps may be reprogrammed at any time by means of quickly connecting them to a laptop going for walks a easy host program. the brand new program is typed in, a secret's hit, and the program is loaded into the stamp. input/output pins may be connected with other digital devices inclusive of experience switches, led, lcd displays, servos, stepper motors, etc.
primary stamp ii (bsii-ic)
the bsii is a module that is available in a 28-pin dil bundle. the brain of the bsii is the pic16c57 micro controller that is permanently programmed with a pbasic2 coaching set within its internal otp-eprom (one-time application rom). whilst programming the bsii, you tell the pic16c57 to shop symbols, called tokens, in external eeprom reminiscence. when this system runs, the pic16c57 retrieves tokens from reminiscence, translates them as pbasic2 instructions, and includes out the ones instructions. the pic16c57 can execute its internal program at a price of five million system coaching in keeping with 2nd. but, each pbasic2 practise takes up many gadget commands, so the pbasic2 executes extra slowly, round 3000 to 4000 commands according to 2d.
the bsii comes with sixteen i/o pins (p0-p15) which can be to be had for fashionable use via your programs. those pins can be interfaced with all modern five-v good judgment, from ttl through cmos (technically, they've characteristics just like the 74hct good judgment series). the direction of a pin-both enter or output-is set for the duration of the programming segment. while a pin is set as an output pin, the bsii can ship sign to other devices, like leds, servos, and so forth. whilst a pin is about as an enter pin, it is able to receive indicators from external gadgets, which include switches, photosensors, etc. each i/o pin can supply 20 ma and sink 25 ma. pins p0-p7 and pins p8-p15, as groups, can each supply a complete of 40 and sink 50 ma.
2048-byte eeprom
the bsii's %'s internal otp-eprom (one-time programmable read-best memory) is completely programmed on the factory with parallax's firmware which turns this reminiscence into a pbasic2 interpreter chip. due to the fact they are interpreters, the stamp pictures have the entire pbasic language completely programmed into their inner application reminiscence. this reminiscence cannot be used to keep your pbasic2 program. as a substitute, the main application have to be saved in the eeprom (electrically erasable, programmable study-handiest memory).
this reminiscence keeps information with out power and may be reprogrammed without problems. at run time, the pbasic2 software created at the host pc is loaded into the bsii's eeprom beginning at the very best deal with (2047) and running downward. maximum applications do now not use the complete eeprom, this means that that pbasic2 lets you save records in the unused lower part of the eeprom. considering programs are saved from the top of the memory downward, data are saved inside the bottom of the reminiscence running upward.
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